Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, get their minds active, and encourage them to do something that doesn¡¯t involve a screen. 10049-08-8, Cl3Ru. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., Recommanded Product: Ruthenium(III) chloride
Enantioselective hydrogenation of levulinic acid esters in the presence of the RuII-BINAP-HCl catalytic system
The rate of hydrogenation of gamma-ketoesters MeCOCH2CH 2COOR (R = Et, Pri, But) in the presence of the chiral RuII-BINAP catalyst (BINAP is 2,2?- bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1?-binaphthyl) greatly increases upon the addition of 5-10 equivalents of HCl with respect to ruthenium. In the hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate, the optically active gamma-hydroxy ester initially formed would cyclize by ?95% to give gamma-valerolactone with optical purity of 98-99% ee. When the Ru(COD)(MA)2-BINAP-HCl catalytic system is used (COD is 1,5-cyclooctadiene, MA is 2-methylallyl), complete conversion of the ketoester (R = Et) in EtOH is attained in 5 h at 60C under an H2 pressure of 60-70 atm.
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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI