Category: 10049-08-8

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Stable Pt-Ru/C catalysts prepared from new precursors by thermal reduction for direct methanol fuel cell

This research is aimed at improving the activity of Pt-Ru alloy catalysts, thus to lower the catalyst loading in anodes for methanol electro-oxidation. The direct methanol fuel cell’s (DMFC’s) anodic catalysts as Pt-Ru/C were prepared from Pt(NH3)2(NO2)2 and self-prepared Ru compound as precursors at different temperatures and times of duration during their reduction. Their performances were examined by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry with a glassy carbon working electrode made from them. The particle size and its distribution of the catalysts were determined by means of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The activity and stability of Pt-Ru/C catalysts prepared from Pt(NH 3)2(NO2)2 and self-prepared Ru compound as precursors is higher than those from H2PtCl6 and RuCl3 by chemical or thermal reduction. The times and temperatures of thermal reduction affect the performance of Pt-Ru/C catalysts. The particle size of Pt-Ru/C catalysts increases with increasing temperature. The catalytic activity of Pt-Ru/C catalysts prepared at 360C is higher than that of those prepared at 320 and 400C, The particle size of Pt-Ru/C catalysts increases with the duration of reduction time. After 2 h at 360C of reduction it is small, about 3.7 nm, and the catalytic activity is higher than those after 1 and 3 h of reduction.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, Recommanded Product: Ruthenium(III) chloride.

An efficient aerobic oxidative cyanation of tertiary amines with sodium cyanide using vanadium based systems as catalysts

The first report on the use of vanadium-based catalysts for oxidative cyanation of tertiary amines with molecular oxygen in the presence of sodium cyanide and acetic acid to afford the corresponding alpha-aminonitriles in good to excellent yields is described. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Article£¬once mentioned of 10049-08-8, category: ruthenium-catalysts

Tuning of redox potentials by introducing a cyclometalated bond to bis-tridentate ruthenium(II) complexes bearing bis(N -methylbenzimidazolyl) benzene or -pyridine ligands

A series of asymmetrical bis-tridentate cyclometalated complexes including [Ru(Mebib)(Mebip)]+, [Ru(Mebip)(dpb)]+, [Ru(Mebip)(Medpb)]+, and [Ru(Mebib)(tpy)]+ and two bis-tridentate noncyclometalated complexes [Ru(Mebip)2]2+ and [Ru(Mebip)(tpy)]2+ were prepared and characterized, where Mebib is bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzene, Mebip is bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl) pyridine, dpb is 1,3-di-2-pyridylbenzene, Medpb is 4,6-dimethyl-1,3-di-2- pyridylbenzene, and tpy is 2,2?:6?,2?-terpyridine. The solid-state structure of [Ru(Mebip)(Medpb)]+ is studied by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of these ruthenium complexes were studied and compared with those of known complexes [Ru(tpy)(dpb)]+ and [Ru(tpy)2]2+. The change of the supporting ligands and coordination environment allows progressive modulation of the metal-associated redox potentials (Ru II/III) from +0.26 to +1.32 V vs Ag/AgCl. The introduction of a ruthenium cyclometalated bond in these complexes results in a significant negative potential shift. The RuII/III potentials of these complexes were analyzed on the basis of Lever’s electrochemical parameters (E L). Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations were carried out to elucidate the electronic structures and spectroscopic spectra of complexes with Mebib or Mebip ligands.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

In an article, published in an article, once mentioned the application of 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride,molecular formula is Cl3Ru, is a conventional compound. this article was the specific content is as follows.Recommanded Product: 10049-08-8

Characteristic and electrocatalytic behavior of ruthenium Prussian blue analogue film in strongly acidic media

The remarkable stability of ruthenium Prussian blue analogue (designated as RuOx-PB) in strongly acidic media and for the enzymeless electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose was demonstrated in this study. The RuOx-PB combinative film neither dissolves nor denatures in concentrated acids, such as HClO4, HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3, investigated in this study. The catalytic response was found to directly proportional to [H+]. Such features are unique since neither RuOx- nor PB-based compounds are effective for direct carbohydrate oxidation in acidic media. The RuOx-PB film showed a highly reversible redox peak at ?1.2 V in 5 M HClO4 as a result of the fast proton-coupled electron transfer behavior of high valent ruthenium intermediate, RuVII/VI. The formation of internal multiple-hydrogen bond as well as the generation of the ?RuVII{double bond, long}O species in strongly acidic media were proposed to play a key role in this feature. The RuOx-PB holds high potential for use in catalytic oxidation, corrosion protection, biofuel cell, etc.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Structural and electrochemical characterization of binary, ternary, and quaternary platinum alloy catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation

The bifunctional model for methanol electro-oxidation suggests that competent catalysts should contain at least two types of surface elements: those that bind methanol and activate its C-H bonds and those that adsorb and activate water. Our previous work considered phase equilibria and relative Pt-C and M-O (M = Ru, Os) bond strengths in predicting improved activity among single-phase Pt-Ru- Os ternary alloys. By addition of a correlation with M-C bond strengths (M = Pt, Ir), it is possible to rationalize the recent combinatorial discovery of further improved Pt-Ru-Os-Ir quaternaries. X-ray diffraction experiments show that these quaternary catalysts are composed primarily of a nanocrystalline face-centered cubic (fcc) phase, in combination with an amorphous minor component. For catalysts of relatively high Ru content, the lattice parameter deviates positively from that of the corresponding arc-melted fee alloy, suggesting that the nanocrystalline fee phase is Pt-rich. Anode catalyst polarization curves in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC’s) at 60 AC show that the best Pt-Ru-Os-Ir compositions are markedly superior to Pt-Ru, despite the higher specific surface area of the latter. A remarkable difference between these catalysts is revealed by the methanol concentration dependence of the current density. Although the rate of oxidation is zero order in [CH3OH] at potentials relevant to DMFC operation (250-325 mV vs RHE) at Pt-Ru, it is approximately first order at Pt-Ru-Os-Ir electrodes. This finding implies that the quaternary catalysts will be far superior to Pt-Ru in DMFC’s constructed from electrolyte membranes that resist methanol crossover, in which higher concentrations of methanol can be used.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Kinetics and Mechanism of Ruthenium(III)-Catalysed Oxidation of Triethanolamine by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Alkaline Medium

The title reaction, studied spectroscopically, shows a second order rate dependence on and first order dependence each on and .The rate is proportional to > where k’ and k” are rate constants for the uncatalysed and Ru(III) catalysed reactions respectively.Ea values calculated for k’ and k” paths are in agreement with those obtained experimentally for the uncatalysed and catalysed reactions respectively.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Electronic communication between two amine redox centers bridged by a bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) complex

Two bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes 2 and 3 appended with one or two di-p-anisylamino groups, respectively, were synthesized and fully characterized. Their electronic properties were studied by electrochemical and spectroscopic analyses. Electronic communication between individual amine sites of 3 was estimated by intervalence charge-transfer band analyses.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Article£¬once mentioned of 10049-08-8, Recommanded Product: 10049-08-8

Biheterocyclic ligands. Transition metal complexes of 2-(1-pyridine-2-thionato)benzoxazole and 2-(1-pyridine-2-thionato)benzothiazole -synthesis and characterization

Several transition metal chelates with 2-(1-pyridine-2-thionato)benzoxazole (PTBOX) and 2-(1-pyridine-2-thionato)benzothiazole (PTBTH) have been prepared and characterized. The ligands behave as a bidentate donors coordinating through the nitrogen atom of the benzoxazole or benzothiazole group and through the sulphur atom of the pyridine-2-thione moiety. The ligand field spectra and the magnetic moment values suggest an octahedral geometry for the bivalent metal complexes. The Au(III) complex is proposed to have a trigonal bipyramidal stereochemistry. A chlorine-bridged dimeric structure has been suggested for the trivalent metal complexes.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru. In a Patent£¬once mentioned of 10049-08-8, Quality Control of: Ruthenium(III) chloride

Propanoic acid derivatives that inhibit the binding of integrins to their receptors

A method for the inhibition of the binding of alpha4beta1 integrin to its receptors, for example VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and fibronectin; compounds that inhibit this binding; pharmaceutically active compositions comprising such compounds; and the use of such compounds either as above, or in formulations for the control or prevention of diseases states in which alpha4beta1 is involved.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, name: Ruthenium(III) chloride.

Kinetic and mechanistic study of ruthenium(III) catalysed and uncatalysed oxidation of oxalic acid by acid bromate

Acid bromate-oxalic acid reaction in the presence of mercury(II)-a bromide ion scavenger, is slow and exhibits first order each in , and .The proposed mechanism assumes a slow rate determining formation of an oxalyl-bromate ester, followed by the fast decomposition to products.The same reaction in the presence of Ru(III) is accelerated and exhibits fractional order each in , and and first order in .The proposed mechanism for catalysed reaction assumes a complex formation between oxalic acid and Ru(III), which subsequently undergoes decarboxylation after interacting with bromate.The mechanisms, for over all, catalysed and uncatalysed reactions are critically examined and values of rate constants of each reaction are evaluated.Activation parameters for all the reactions are also evaluated and discussed.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI