Category: 15746-57-3

Synthetic Route of 15746-57-3. Let’s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner’s point of view. Like 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II). In a document type is Article, introducing its new discovery.

In this paper, we describe the enantiospecific synthesis and the complete characterization of the two hexacoordinated ruthenium(II) monocations [Ru(bpy)2ppy]+ and [Ru(bpy)2quo]+ (bpy = 2,2?-bipyridine, ppy = phenylpyridine-H+, quo = 8-hydroxyquinolate) in their enantiomeric Delta and Lambda forms. The corresponding enantiomeric excesses (ee’s) are determined by 1H NMR using pure Delta-Trisphat (tris(tetrachlorobenzenedialato)phosphate(V) anion) as a chiral 1H NMR shift reagent. A complete 1H and 13C NMR study has been carried out on rac-[Ru(bpy)2ppy]PF6 and rac-[Ru(bpy)2quo]PF6. Additionally, the X-ray molecular structure of rac-[Ru(bpy)2quo]PF6 is reported; this latter species crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group (a = 22.079 A, b = 16.874 A, c = 17.533 A, alpha = 90, beta = 109.08, gamma = 90).

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru, belongs to ruthenium-catalysts compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 15746-57-3, name: Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

4,5-Diazafluorene ligands, (L1) and (L2), have been synthesized from the reaction of 4,5-diazafluorenone-9-hydrazone with 4-(4-fluorophenoxy) benzaldehyde and 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one with 4-(4-fluorophenoxy) benzylamine hydrochloride in dry EtOH. Ru(II) complexes of the ligands Ru(II)-L1 and Ru(II)-L2 were prepared by treating the ligands with Ru(bpy)2CI2 in dry EtOH. The metal-to-ligand ratio of the Ru(II) complexes was found to be 1:1. The ligands and complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and spectra FTIR, UV-vis, 1H NMR, MS, and fluorescence studies.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.name: Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II). In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 15746-57-3

Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

In an article, published in an article, once mentioned the application of 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II),molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru, is a conventional compound. this article was the specific content is as follows.Product Details of 15746-57-3

Thioether complexes with the formula DeltaLambda-chloro(thioether)bis(2,2?-bipyridine)metal(II) (M = Ru, Os; thioether = dimethyl sulfide (3a+), diethyl sulfide (3b+), and tetrahydrothiophene (3c+)) have been synthesized. The rates of inversion at the sulfur atom of the thioether ligands have been measured by spin-inversion transfer and line-shape NMR methods. In every case, the ruthenium derivative exhibits a faster inversion frequency at a given temperature than the corresponding osmium derivative. In contrast, similar complexes with the formula chloro(delta/lambda-1,1?-biisoquinoline) (2,2?:6?,2″-terpyridine)metal(II), 4(M=Ru,Os)+, undergo atropisomerization of the misdirected 1,1?-biisoquinoline (1,1?-biiq) ligand with rates that are faster for osmium than ruthenium. As a result of the lanthanide contraction effect and the similar metric parameters associated with the structures of second-row and third-]row transition metal derivatives, steric factors associated with the isomerizations are presumably similar for the Ru and Os derivatives of these compounds. Since third-row transition metal complexes tend to have larger bond dissociation enthalpies (BDE) than their second-row congeners, we conclude the difference in reactivities of 3(M=Ru)+ versus 3(M=Os)+ and 4(M=Ru)+ versus 4(M=Os)+ are attributed to electronic effects. For 3, the S3p lone pair of the thioether, the principal sigma donor orbital, is orthogonal to the metal sigma acceptor orbital in the transition state of inversion at sulfur and the S 3s orbital is an ineffective sigma donor. Thus, a regular relationship between the kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of 3(M=Ru)+ and 3(M=Os)+ is observed for the directed ? [misdirected]? ? directed (DMD) isomerization (the more thermodynamically stable bond is less reactive). In contrast, atropisomerization of 4+ involves redirecting (strengthening) the M-N bonds of the misdirected 1,1?-biiq ligand in the transition state. Therefore, an inverse relationship between the kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of 4(M=Ru)+ and 4(M=Os)+ is observed for the misdirected ? [directed]? ? misdirected (MDM) isomerization (the more thermodynamically stable bond is more reactive). The rates obtained for 4+ are consistent with the rates of atropisomerization of Delta/Lambda-(delta/lambda)-1,1?-biisoquinoline)bis (2,2?-bipyridine)metal(II), 1(M=Ru,Os)2+, and (eta6-benzene) Delta/Lambda-(delta/lambda-1,1?-biisoquinoline)halometal(II), 2(M=Ru,Os;halo=Cl,I)+, that we reported previously. We term the relative rates of reaction of second-row versus third-row transition metal derivatives kinetic element effects (KEE = ksecond/kthird). While the KEE appears to be generally useful when comparing reactions of isostructural species (e.g. the relative rates of 1(M=Ru)2+, 1(M=Os)2+, and 1(M=Ir)3+), different temperature dependencies of reactions prevent the comparison of related reactions between species that have different structures (e.g., the 1,1?-biiq atropisomerization reactions of 1(M=Ru,Os)2+ versus 2(M=Ru,Os;halo=Cl,I)+ versus 4(M=Ru,Os)+). This problem is overcome by comparing entropies of activation and kinetic enthalpy effects (KHE = DeltaEta?third/ DeltaEta?second). For a given class of 1,1?-biiq complexes, we observe a structure/reactivity relationship between DeltaEta? and the torsional twist of the 1,1?-biiq ligands that are measured in the solid state.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 15746-57-3, Product Details of 15746-57-3

Biophysical interaction of amphiphilic fluorescent surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes and its precursor ruthenium(II) complexes with drug carrying proteins such as bovine and human serum albumins (BSA and HSA) have been studied through the UV-visible absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopic techniques to correlate the impact of head and tail groups of the metallosurfactants towards the designing of metallodrugs for the biomedical applications. The obtained results showed that both precursor? and surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes interact with BSA/HSA via ground state protein?complex formation and their quenching follows the static mechanism. The extent of protein quenching and binding parameters resulted that the surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes effectively interact with protein compared to their precursor?ruthenium(II) complexes, and also those interaction have greatly influenced by the change in the head group size compared to change in the tail group length. Interestingly on increasing the temperature, the protein?complex binding strength was decreased for the precursor?ruthenium(II) complexes, those increased for the surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes, probably due to the respective involvement of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions as supported by the thermodynamics of protein?complex interaction. Moreover, the results from UV?visible, synchronous and circular dichroism studies confirmed the occurrence of conformational and micro environmental changes in BSA/HSA upon binding with these complexes. It is also noted that HSA has more binding affinity with surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes compared to BSA. The free radical scavenging ability against DPPH, ABTS, NO and superoxide free radical assays suggested that surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes have better free radical scavenging ability compared to precursor?ruthenium(II) complexes. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.Product Details of 15746-57-3. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 15746-57-3

Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 15746-57-3, Recommanded Product: Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

We describe ruthenium coordinated n-type polymer material as a sensitizer for TiO2 nanotubes for visible light driven photocatalytic production of hydrogen. The dye is a novel ruthenium coordinated BIAN (bisiminoacenaphthene)-Fluorene (2,7-Diethynyl-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene) polymer. Photoresponse of the material was observed by measuring the changes in the open circuit potential voltage which showed a vertical drop of 0.57 V in the potential. From the I-V characteristics, the maximum value of photocurrent observed in the presence of visible light was 245 muA. The monitoring of rate of H2 evolution exhibited as high as 3.75 mumol/hour of H2 with the dye sensitized TiO2 nanotubes at a low bias potential of 0.15V (vs Ag/AgCl), compared to only 2.1 mumol/hour in case of bare TiO2 nanotubes even at higher bias potential of 0.5V. This shows the material has got the potential as a photocatalyst in the photoelectrochemical splitting of water.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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A comprehensive photophysical study has been carried out on the two complexes [(bpy)2Ru(4,4?-PE-bpy)]2+ and [(bpy)2Ru(5,5?-PE-bpy)]2+ (44Ru and 55Ru, respectively, where bpy = 2,2?-bipyridine and PE = phenyleneethynylene). The objective of this work is to determine the effect of the phenyleneethynylene substituents on the properties of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state. The complexes have been characterized by using UV-visible absorption, photoluminescence, and UV-visible and infrared transient absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that the MLCT excited state is localized on the PE-substimted bpy ligands. Moreover, the photophysical data indicate that in the MLCT excited state the excited electron is delocalized into the PE substituents and the manifestations of the electronic delocalization are larger when the substituents are in the 4,4?-positions.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Complete stereochemical sets of RuII2(bpy)4 (bpy = 2,2?-bipyridyl) complexes incorporating the bridging ligands 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine and pyrazino[2,3-f][4,7]phenanthroline have been prepared and characterised.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Strained ruthenium (Ru) complexes have been synthesized and characterized as novel agents for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The complexes are inert until triggered by visible light, which induces ligand loss and covalent modification of DNA. An increase in cytotoxicity of 2 orders of magnitude is observed with light activation in cancer cells, and the compounds display potencies superior to cisplatin against 3D tumor spheroids. The use of intramolecular strain may be applied as a general paradigm to develop light-activated ruthenium complexes for PDT applications.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature.15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 15746-57-3, Application In Synthesis of Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

Designing the effective metallodrugs with amphiphilic nature is an active approach for the biomedical applications such as chemotheraphy, bioimaging, drug carrier, etc. To elaborate this, some fluorescent emissive surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes and its precursor ruthenium(II) complexes have been interacted with calf thymus DNA (CT?DNA) for understanding the biophysical impacts of head and tail parts of the metallosurfactants. Here, DNA binding studies were examined by UV?visible absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism and viscosity measurements. The obtained results showed that surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes effectively bind with CT?DNA through hydrophobic interactions dominated moderate intercalation, whereas precursor ruthenium(II) complexes interact CT?DNA through electrostatic interactions dominated moderate intercalation. Also, increase of hydrophobic alkyl amine chain length as well as size of the head group in surfactant?ruthenium(II) complexes increased the binding affinity with CT?DNA, in which tail group played a dominant role. Further investigations of antibacterial, hemolytic and anticancer activities showed that desired biological activities could be obtained by tuning the head and tail groups of the metallodrugs in near future. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

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Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 15746-57-3, Name is Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), molecular formula is C20H16Cl2N4Ru. In a Article，once mentioned of 15746-57-3, Safety of Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)

A facile procedure for the incorporation of Ru(bpy)32+ in an oligonucleotide is reported. A Ru(bpy)32+ phosphoramidite is synthesized, and then attached to the 5′-terminus of DNA using a standard protocol on an automated DNA solid-phase synthesizer. Photophysical studies of the Ru(II) tris-diimine complex as well as the corresponding labeled oligonucleotides demonstrate that the excited-state electron is localized on one specific bipyridine with the dipole directed toward the linkage to DNA, and that the Ru(II) excited state is long-lived when attached to the DNA.

Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data.Safety of Cis-Dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II), If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 15746-57-3, in my other articles.

Reference：
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI