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A new tridentate ligand, 2-furyl (m-aminophenylenimine)methyl ketone (FAMK), was synthesised from m-phenylenediamine and furanglyoxal. Its metal complexes of the general formula [M(FAMK)X2H2O], where M = Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) and [M(FAMK)X3], where M = Rh(III), Ru(III) and Ir(III) have been prepared. On the basis of chemical analyses, magnetic moment measurements, IR and electronic spectra, an octahedral geometry of the ligand around the metallic ions has been suggested. The fungicidal activities of the ligand and its metal complexes have also been studied.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The ratio of the dichloromethane-methanol solvent mixture medium and nature of the receptor amide substituent critically dictates chloride vs. nitrate selectivity properties of new ruthenium(II) tris(5,5?-diamide-2,2?-bipyridine) receptors.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.category: ruthenium-catalysts. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 20759-14-2

A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 20759-14-2, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride hydrate, molecular formula is Cl3H2ORu. In a Article,once mentioned of 20759-14-2, category: ruthenium-catalysts

A series of substituted pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]-phenanthroline (Rppl) ligands (with R = Me, COOH, COOMe) were synthetized (see 1-4 in Scheme 1). The ligands can be visualized as formed by a bipyridine and a quinoxaline fragment (see A and B). Homoleptic [Ru(R1ppl)3](PF6)2 and heteropleptic [Ru(R1ppl){(R2)2bpy}2] (PF6)2 (R1 = H, Me, COOMe and R2 = H, Me) metal complexes 5-7 and 8-13, respectively, based on these ligands were also synthesized and characterized by conventional techniques (Schemes 2 and 3, resp.). In the heteroleptic complexes, the R1-ppl ligand reduces at a less-negative potential than the bpy ligand, reflecting the acceptor property conferred by the quinoxaline moiety. The potentiality of some of these complexes as solar-cell dyes is discussed.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The rates for the photoinduced bimolecular reactions of a homologous series of Ru(II) diimines with cytochrome (cyt) c in its oxidized and reduced forms have been measured. The electronic coupling and reorganization energy of the system have been adjusted such that the inverted region may be accessed at reasonable driving forces. The electron transfer (ET) rate constants for *Ru(II) diimine/Fe(II)cyt c reaction increase monotonically and approach the diffusion limit of 8.8 x 108 M-1 s-1 at DeltaG = -0.7 V. At a higher driving force, which may be accessed with the powerfully oxidizing *Ru(diCF3-bpy)32+, the rate for ET is observed to drop off. Similarly, the high driving forces achieved with *Ru(II) diimine/Fe(III)cyt c (-DeltaG ? 1.12 V) are manifested in a decrease of the ET rate constant with increasing exergonicity. The observed ET rates for both systems are well described by a bimolecular model for ET occurring over an equilibrium distribution of reactant separation distances, each having a different formation probability and weighted by the first-order ET rate constant. The unique observation of bimolecular ET in the inverted region is not due to a peculiar reaction pathway engendered by the Ru(II) diimines, which react as do other small-molecule cations at the solvent-exposed edge of the heme. The inherent ET properties of cyt c engender a Marcus curve that is displaced below the diffusion limit and shifted to smaller driving forces.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The marine-derived halipeptins A (1a) and D (1d) and their analogues 3a, 3d and 4a, 4d were synthesized starting from building blocks 10, 13, 14a or 14d, 15, and 16. The first strategy for assembling the building blocks, involving a macrolactamization reaction to form the 16-membered ring hydroxy thioamide 52d as a precursor, furnished the epi-isoleucine analogue (4d) of halipeptin D, whereas a second approach involving thiazoline formation prior to macrolactamization led to a mixture of halipeptins A (1a) and D (1d) and their analogues 3a, 3d (epimers at the indicated site) and 4a, 4d (epimers at the indicated site). The same route starting with D-Ala resulted in the exclusive formation of the epimeric halipeptin D analogue 3d. The synthesized halipeptins, together with the previously constructed oxazoline analogues 5d and 6d, were subjected to biological evaluation revealing anti-inflammatory properties for 1a, 1d, and 6d while being noncytotoxic against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116).

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, get their minds active, and encourage them to do something that doesn’t involve a screen. 10049-08-8, Cl3Ru. A document type is Article, introducing its new discovery., COA of Formula: Cl3Ru

Effective intervalence transfer occurred between the metal centers of ferrocene moieties that were adsorbed onto a ruthenium thin film surface by ruthenium-carbene pi bonds, a direct verification of Hush’s four-decade-old prediction. Electrochemical measurements showed two pairs of voltammetric peaks where the separation of the formal potentials suggested a Class II behavior. Additionally, the potential spacing increased with increasing ferrocene surface coverage, most probably as a consequence of the enhanced contribution from through-space electronic interactions between the metal centers. In contrast, the incorporation of a sp3 carbon spacer into the ferrocene-ruthenium linkage led to the diminishment of interfacial electronic communication.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The first total synthesis of xenitorins B(1) and C(2) in natural form, which serves to confirm the structural assignments, establish the absolute stereochemistry and provide an easy access to the interesting marine sesquiterpenes was analyzed. The synthetic design calls for the use of optically active betapinene(3) both as the the starting substrate and source of chirality and its derivative 4 to facilitate the construction of the core system via a Diels-Alder reaction. This is followed by an acid catalyzed fragmentation process after suitable modifications. Formylation of (+)-7 followed by treatment of the resulting a-hydroxymethylene ketone with hydroxykamine gave rise to isoxazole(-)-9. The identity of the synthetic compounds and the corresponding natural products was established by direct comparison of their H nmr spectra. Result shows that B (-)1 and C(-)2 has been achieved and served to establish the absolute configuration of these structurally interesting natural products.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

Awesome and Easy Science Experiments about Ruthenium(III) chloride

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The concept of nanocrystal conversion chemistry, which involves the use of pre-formed nanoparticles as templates for chemical transformation into derivative solids, has emerged as a powerful approach for designing the synthesis of complex nanocrystalline solids. The general strategy exploits established synthetic capabilities in simple nanocrystal systems and uses these nanocrystals as templates that help to define the composition, crystal structure, and morphology of product nanocrystals. This article highlights key examples of “conversion chemistry” approaches to the synthesis of nanocrystalline solids using a variety of techniques, including galvanic replacement, diffusion, oxidation, and ion exchange. The discussion is organized according to classes of solids, highlighting the diverse target systems that are accessible using similar chemical concepts: metals, oxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, alloys, intermetallic compounds, sulfides, and nitrides.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The chemical nature of the active ruthenium species and the mechanism of the oxidation of alcohols on Co-promoted Ru-hydroxyapatite have been investigated by in situ and ex situ EXAFS and kinetic analysis (reaction order of alcohol and oxygen, competing hydrogenation of primary and secondary alcohols, dehydrogenation in the absence of oxygen, kinetic isotope effect, Hammett study). It is concluded that the probable active sites are dihydroxo-ruthenium species (instead of RuCl2+ as suggested earlier) and only about half of them are accessible to the reactant benzyl alcohol. The oxidative dehydrogenation reaction obeys the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism and the reduced hydrido-ruthenium species is inactive in alcohol dehydrogenation without reoxidation by molecular oxygen. In the catalytic cycle, the rate limiting step is either the beta-hydride elimination step from the alcoholate or reoxidation of the ruthenium-hydride species, depending on the reaction conditions.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The electrochemical properties of both mononuclear L2RuIIPc and dinuclear [(THF)Rupc]2 species are described. The former is dominated by ring oxidation and reduction processes while the latter displays a series of metal localized processes. A Pourbaix diagram describes the various surfaces which can be generated by exposing a graphite electrode modified with [(THF)Rupc]2 to aqueous buffer at different polarization over a wide range of pH. The behavior of these various surfaces towards the electrocatalytic reduction of both oxygen and hydrogen peroxide is described. Most importantly, three different regimes of hydrogen peroxide reduction are observed dependent on the nature of the modified electrode surface. At high pH the four electron reduction of oxygen to water is observed via a 2 + 2 mechanism.

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Reference:
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI