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Interaction of ruthenium(III) chloride with bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl) methane oxyanions, potential kappa3 -N,N,O scorpionates

When RuCl3 was set to react with both bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1- yl)acetate (bdmpza) and bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane sulfonate (bdmpzsa) new ruthenium(II) complexes were obtained. The reduction of ruthenium(III) was studied by the NMR Evans method and spectrophotometrically, for 1:1 (Ru:L) molar ratios. Using the Evans method pseudo first-order constants of 2.5¡Á10-3 s-1 (bdmpzsa) and 3.9¡Á10 -3 s-1 (bdmpza) were obtained in DMSO-d6 (2% t-butanol) solutions. Spectrophotometrically the corresponding constants were also calculated: 1.1¡Á10-3 s-1 for bdmpzsa, and 1.6¡Á10-3 s-1, for bdmpza. Both ligands behave as kappa3-N,N,O scorpionates but with a weak oxyanionic coordination to the metal, susceptible to be substituted with NEt3 for a 1:1 molar ratio.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.Computed Properties of Cl3Ru. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 10049-08-8

10049-08-8, Name is Ruthenium(III) chloride, molecular formula is Cl3Ru, belongs to ruthenium-catalysts compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, once mentioned the new application about 10049-08-8, Computed Properties of Cl3Ru

PLATINUM METAL COMPLEXES OF CYCLOALKYL DITHIOCARBAMATES

The complexes of ruthenium(III), rhodium(III), palladium(II), osmium(IV), osmium(III), iridium(III) and platinum(II) with sodium salts of cyclopentyl (NaCPD) and cycloheptyl (NaCHD) dithiocarbamic acids have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, conductance measurements, spectral (electronic and vibrational) and magnetic moment data.Various ligand field (10 Dq), nephelauxetic (B, C and beta) and single electron repulsion parameters (Delta1, Delta2 and Delta3) have also been calculated.The nephelauxetic parameters are indicative of strong covalency in the metal ligand bond.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Sensitized photoisomerization of cis-stilbazolium ions intercalated in saponite clay layers

Sensitized photoisomerization of the cis-stilbazolium ion 1 by ruthenium tris-2,2?-bipyridine [Ru(bpy)32+] was studied in saponite clay layers. The reaction yield was 100 times higher than the reaction yield in a homogeneous solution. The Stern-Volmer constant of the luminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ by 1 was 3.4 ¡Á 105 dm3 mol-1, which made the quenching rate constant faster than the diffusion limiting rate. The fast quenching rate implies a static quenching by 1 in the vicinity of Ru(bpy)32+. The reaction efficiency showed a maximum when 70 mol% of 1 was intercalated on the basis of the cation exchange capacity (CEC), where the ruthenium complex and 1 are suitably arranged in the saponite layer for effective photoelectron transfer and subsequent electron relay.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Ruthenium complexes with N(SPR2)2- (R = Ph or Pri)

Reactions of [Ru(PPh3)3Cl2], [Ru(CO)2Cl2]x, or [Ru(dmso)4Cl2] (dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide) with KLR [LR = N(SPR2)2, R = Ph or Pri] afforded [Ru(LR)2(PPh3)] (R = Ph 1 or Pri 2), cis-[Ru(LR)2(CO)2] (L = Ph 3 or Pri 4), or cis-[Ru(LPh)2(dmso)2] 5, respectively. The crystal structures of complexes 1 and 2 have been determined. They show weak agostic interaction between Ru and LR with calculated Ru … H-C separations of 3.37 and 2.91 A, respectively. The Ru-P and average Ru-S distances in 1 are 2.218(1) and 2.400 A, respectively. The corresponding bond lengths for 2 are 2.210(2) and 2.404 A. Treatment of 2 with ButNC afforded trans-[Ru(LPr)2(ButNC)2] 6, the average Ru-S and Ru-C distances of which are 2.453 and 1.990(3) A, respectively. Reaction of RuCl3 with KLR in methanol gave the homoleptic complexes [Ru(LR)3] (L = Ph 7 or Pri 8). The average Ru-S distance and S-Ru-S angle in 7 are 2.414 A and 97.41, respectively. While complex 1 reacts with pyridine (py) to give [Ru(LPh)2(PPh3)(py)] 9, reaction of 2 with py led to isolation of structurally characterised [Ru(LPr)2(SO)] 10. The Ru-S(O) and S-O bond lengths in 10 are 2.0563(11) and 1.447(3) A, respectively, the Ru-S-O angle being 125.5(2). Treatment of 1 with SO2 afforded structurally characterised cis-[Ru(LPh)2(PPh3)(SO2)] 11. The SO2 ligand binds to Ru in 11 in a eta1-S mode and the Ru-S(O) distance is 2.140(4) A. Complex 2 reacted with SO2 to give the mu-sulfato-bridged ruthenium(in) dimer [{Ru(LPr)(PPh3)}2(mu-SO4) 2] 12, which has been characterised by X-ray crystallography. The Ru-P and average Ru-S and Ru-O distances in 12 are 2.294(2), 2.321 and 2.133 A, respectively. Complex 1 is capable of catalysing hydrogenation of styrene in the presence of Et3N presumably via a ruthenium hydride intermediate. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2000.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Controlled microwave synthesis of RuII synthons and chromophores relevant to solar energy conversion

Here we describe the efficient high yield atmospheric pressure microwave-assisted synthesis for seven distinct RuII coordination complexes relevant to solar energy conversion schemes and dye sensitized solar cells. In all instances, the reaction times have been markedly shortened, concomitant with higher yields with little or no need for subsequent purification and several multi-step reactions proceeded flawlessly in a single pot. Importantly, we observed no evidence for the decarboxylation of the essential metal oxide surface-anchoring 4,4?-diethylester-2,2?-bipyridine or 4,4?-dicarboxy-2,2?-bipyridine ligands as long as open reaction vessel conditions were utilized; these functionalities are not tolerant to sealed microwave reaction (superheated solvent/pressurized) conditions. The combined results suggest that microwave-assisted chemistry is indeed a valuable tool as far as RuII coordination chemistry is concerned and can likely be applied in the combinatorial pursuit of new dyes bearing sensitive functionalities.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Preparation of ammonia borane in high yield and purity, methanolysis, and regeneration

Ammonia borane (AB) is emerging as a promising solid hydrogen carrier, particularly for power generation in portable devices that employ proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. A preparative-scale synthesis of AB from sodium borohydride and ammonium salts in high yields (?95%) and very high purity (?98%) has been described. The first systematic study of a transitional metal-catalyzed alcoholysis of AB, comparison of the methanolysis to the hydrolysis of AB, and regeneration of AB from ammonium tetramethoxyborate also has been described.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Electrocatalysis in nucleic acid molten salts

This paper describes redox chemistry in semisolid molten salts ionic liquids of DNA in which the counterions of the phosphates are redox-active metal complexes with bipyridine ligands labeled with MW 350 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) “tails”, e.g., M(bpy350)3DNA (where M = Co, Ni, and bpy350 = 4,4?-(CH3(OCH 350CH2)7OCO)2-2,2?-bipyridine) . Other redox-active metal complexes are added to the M(bpy350) 3DNA melt: (a) the PEG-tailed metal bipyridine complexes Fe(bpy 350)3(ClO4)2 and Ru(bpy 350)3(ClO4)2 and (b) the nontailed complexes Os(bpy)3Cl2 (bpy = 2,2?-bipyridine) and Os(bpy)2dppzCl2 (dppz = dipyridophenazine). In example a, electrogeneration of the powerful oxidizers [Fe(bpy350) 3]3+ and [Ru(bpy350)3]3+ gives microelectrode voltammetry indicative of electrocatalytic oxidation of DNA base sites. Since physical diffusion of the metal complexes is slow in the viscous semisolids (and that of DNA is nil), the rate of electron hopping between the base sites of the DNA becomes a significant contributor to the overall charge transport rate, as deduced from analysis of the voltammetry. DNA base site self-exchange rate constants of 1.1 ¡Á 106 and 1.8 x 106 s-1 are estimated from measurements using Fe(bpy 350)33+ and Ru(bpy350) 33+ oxidants, respectively. In example b, a complex known to be a DNA intercalator in aqueous solutions is found to not be an intercalator in the DNA molten salt environment, as deduced from measurements showing the physical diffusion coefficients of aqueous nonintercalator Os(bpy) 3Cl2 and aqueous intercalator Os(bpy) 2dppzCl2 to be indistinguishable in the M(bpy 350)3DNA melt.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Efficient solar water splitting, exemplified by RuO2-catalyzed AlGaAs/Si photoelectrolysis

Contemporary models are shown to significantly underestimate the attainable efficiency of solar energy conversion to water splitting, and experimentally a cell containing illuminated AlGaAs/Si RuO2/Ptblack is demonstrated to evolve H2 and O2 at record solar driven water electrolysis efficiency. Under illumination, bipolar configured Al0.15Ga0.85As (Eg = 1.6 eV) and Si (Eg = 1.1 eV) semiconductors generate open circuit and maximum power photopotentials of 1.30 and 1.57 V, well suited to the water electrolysis thermodynamic potential: H2O?H2+ 1/2 O2; EH(2)O = EO(2)-EH(2); EH(2)O(25 C) = 1.229 V. The EH(2)O/photopotential matched semiconductors are combined with effective water electrolysis O2 or H2 electrocatalysts, RuO2 or Ptblack. The resultant solar photoelectrolysis cell drives sustained water splitting at 18.3% conversion efficiencies. Alternate dual band gap systems are calculated to be capable of attaining over 30% solar photoelectrolysis conversion efficiency.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Heterogeneously catalyzed liquid-phase oxidation of alkanes and alcohols with molecular oxygen

RuCl3 successfully reacts with the lacunary silicotungustate in organic medium, giving a Ru3+-substituted silicotungstate that can act as a heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidation of a wide range of alkanes and alcohols using 1 atm of molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Improvements in the preparation of cyclopentadienyl thallium and methylcyclopentadienylthallium and in their use in organometallic chemistry

Improved preparation methods of cyclopentadienylthallium and methylcyclopentadienylthallium, giving quantitative yields and incorporating ultrasound techniques, are described. Their use as starting materials for a wide range of organometallic syntheses is discussed and demonstrated.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI