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Furanyl cyclic amines: A diastereoselective synthesis of 2,6-syn-disubstituted piperidines under thermodynamic control

Utilising the propensity of the 2-furanyl group to facilitate equilibration of an adjacent tosylamide chiral centre, a diastereoselective route to 2,6-syn-piperidines was developed that proceeds with high levels of thermodynamic stereocontrol. X-ray crystallography structures suggest that, as seen in similar systems, pseudo-allylic strain between the N-tosyl group and the substituents at the 2 and 6 positions dominates stereochemical preference, overriding 1,3 diaxial interactions. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Preparation of ruthenium and osmium carbonyl complexes using microwave heating: demonstrating the use of a gas-loading accessory and real-time reaction monitoring by means of a digital camera

By using a gas-loading accessory, we show that it is possible to perform reactions involving gases and prepare organometallic complexes easily in good yields using microwave heating. The complexes Ru3(CO)12, H4Ru4(CO)12, and H2Os 3(CO)10 are prepared. Ligand substitution reactions of Ru3(CO)12 are also studied and, in the case of the reaction with triphenylphosphine, the reaction is monitored in real time by means of a digital camera interfaced with the microwave unit.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Catalytic ester-amide exchange using group (IV) metal alkoxide-activator complexes

A process for preparation of amides from unactivated esters and amines has been developed using a catalytic system comprised of group (IV) metal alkoxides in conjunction with additives including 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt). In general, ester-amide exchange proceeds using a variety of structurally diverse esters and amines without azeotropic reflux to remove the alcohol byproduct. Initial mechanistic studies on the Zr(Ot-Bu)4-HOAt system revealed that the active catalyst is a novel, dimeric zirconium complex as determined by X-ray crystallography.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Synthesis, structural, spectral, thermal and antimicrobial studies of palladium(II), platinum(II), ruthenium(III) and iridium(III) complexes derived from N,N,N,N-tetradentate macrocyclic ligand

Palladium(II), platinum(II), ruthenium(III) and iridium(III) complexes of general stoichiometry [PdL]Cl2, [PtL]Cl2, [Ru(L)Cl 2]Cl and [Ir(L)Cl2]Cl are synthesized with a tetradentate macrocyclic ligand, derived from 2,6-diaminopyridine with 3-ethyl 2,4-pentanedione. Ligand was characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, mass, and 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral studies. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, mass, electronic spectral techniques and thermal studies. The value of magnetic moments indicates that all the complexes are diamagnetic except Ru(III) complex which shows magnetic moments corresponding its one unpaired electron. The macrocyclic ligand and all its metal complexes were also evaluated in vitro against some plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria to assess their biocidal properties.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 20759-14-2 is helpful to your research., COA of Formula: Cl3H2ORu

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Bis(arene) complexes of RuII. Synthesis, crystal structure and electrochemical behavior of 2

Cleavage of the chloro-bridged RuII dimer, <(p-isopropyltoluene)Ru(Cl)2>2 with AgBF4 in acetone and refluxing the product in trifluoroacetic acid with an excess of p-isopropyltoluene leads to the formation of the dicationic bis(arene) RuII complex, <(p-isopropyltoluene)2Ru>2, in nearly quantitative yield.Strong upfield shifts are observed in the 13C NMR spectrum of the arene carbon atoms of p-isopropyltoluene following coordination and an investigation of the electrochemistry of this complex shows that it undergoes an irreversible reduction in nitromethane solvent at -0.78 V versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode.An X-ray crystal structure determination of the complex shows that the complex consists of a RuII center located between two p-isopropyltoluene ligands that are coordinated in an eta6 manner.The arene rings are separated by a distance of 3.450 Angstroem and are essentially coplanar with a dihedral angle of 178.4o.The crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n wth lattice constants a=10.094(2) Angstroem, b=12.996(3) Angstroem, c=17.371(3) Angstroem, beta=94.90(1)o and V=2270.4(8) Angstroem3.Convergence to conventional R values of R=0.0711 and Rw=0.0854 with a goodness-of-fit of 1.15 was obtained for 280 variable parameters and 2976 reflections with I > 0?(I).

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Vibrational spectroscopy of the electronically excited state. 5. Time-resolved resonance Raman study of tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and related complexes. Definitive evidence for the “localized” MLCT state

Time-resolved resonance Raman (TR3) spectra of the emissive and photochemically active metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) electronic states of Ru(bpy)32+, Os(bpy)32+, and related complexes are reported. These spectra are compared to those of complexes containing neutril bipyridine and bipyridine radical anion. In the Ru(bpy)32+ complex it is conclusively demonstrated that the realistic formulation of the MLCT state is [RuIII(bpy)2(bpy-?)]2+. This conclusion is reached by four lines of evidence: (i) large frequency shifts in bpy modes in the MLCT state, which approximate those observed upon one-electron chemical reduction of bpy to bpy-?; (ii) the TR3 spectrum observed upon saturation of the MLCT state, which exhibits peaks due to both neutral and radical-like bipyridine; (iii) precise frequencies of “unshifted” bpy modes in the MLCT state, which resemble RuIII(bpy)33+; and (iv) the frequency shifts observed in MLCT states of bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complexes, which are essentially the same as those of the tris chelate. In Os(bpy)32+, criteria ii-iv above have not been successfully tested, but the magnitudes of the large excited state frequency shifts strongly suggest the formulation [OsIII(bpy)2(bpy-?)]2+ for the MLCT state of this complex.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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IMPROVED METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF ARENECYCLOPENTADIENYLRUTHENIUM CATIONS

An improved method for the synthesis of + salts by means of ligand exchange at ruthenocene is described.A set of new +X- was obtained.The 1H NMR spectra of arenecyclopentadienylruthenium salts were discussed.

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Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Mechanism of carbon-nitrogen bond scission on unsupported transition metal sulfides

The reactivity of a series of amines with various structures and different numbers of hydrogen atoms on the carbon atoms in the alpha and beta position, with respect to the nitrogen atom, was examined on four transition metal sulfides, i.e. NbS3, MoS2, RuS2, and Rh2S3. It is shown that the reaction mechanism proceeds via an elimination or a nucleophilic substitution the relative importance of which depends on the structure of the substrate to be transformed and on the transition metal sulfides properties. NbS3 is the most active sulfide of the series for the elimination reaction due to its high acidity, but it is inactive for the nucleophilic substitution. On the other hand, the surface species of Rh2S3 can be involved in a nucleophilic substitution but not in an elimination reaction. The other sulfides of the series behave in between. These results clearly demonstrate that the catalysts intervene differently in the HDN mechanism. Moreover, for a given solid the structure of a nitrogen-containing molecule strongly affects the elementary steps of its transformation. Accordingly, a precise mechanistic study of the reactivity of a model molecule at the surface of a sulfide cannot be generalized to the overall HDN process which involves several types of molecules.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Ruthenium(III) catalysed oxidation of gabapentin (neurontin) by diperiodatonickelate(IV) in aqueous alkaline medium: A kinetic and mechanistic study

The kinetics of Ru(III) catalysed oxidation of neuroleptic drug, gabapentin by diperiodatonickelate(IV) (DPN) in alkaline medium at 298 K and a constant ionic strength of 0.30 mol dm-3 was studied spectrophotometrically. The oxidation products are 1-(hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane acetic acid and Ni(II) which are identified by spectral studies. The stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1 which is similar as in the case of absence of ruthenium(III). The oxidation reaction in alkaline medium has been shown to proceed via a Ru(III)-gabapentin complex, which further reacts with deprotonated form of DPN in a rate determining step, which is followed by other fast steps to give the products. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to slow step of the mechanism are computed and discussed and thermodynamic quantities are also determined. The catalytic constant (KC) was calculated at different temperatures. The probable active species of catalyst and oxidant have been identified.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI

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Effect of support type and synthesis conditions on the oxygen reduction activity of RuxSey catalyst prepared by the microwave polyol method

RuxSey nanoparticles supported on different carbon substrates were synthesized by microwave heating of ethylene glycol solutions of Ru(III) chloride and sodium selenite at different pH and Ru/Se mole ratios. The resulting catalysts were used for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution. The electrochemical activity was highest for the supported catalyst synthesized at pH 8. Increasing the Se concentration of the catalyst up to 15 mol% increased the catalytic activity for the ORR; at this Se concentration, the activity of the catalyst was considerably higher than that observed for pure Ru catalyst synthesized at exactly the same conditions. The influence of the type of carbon support on the activity of the electrocatalyst was also investigated. Among the different supports, including carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R) (C1), and nanoporous carbons synthesized from resorcinol- (C2) and phloroglucinol-formaldehyde (C3) resins, the RuxSey catalyst supported on C3 exhibited highest activity for ORR.

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Reference£º
Highly efficient and robust molecular ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation,
Catalysts | Special Issue : Ruthenium Catalysts – MDPI